Endocrine Abstracts

The prevalence of endocrinologic diseases in Slovak Republic in 2015 was about 390 000 patients e.g. the prevalence was about 7.1%. The objective of this study was to find out the basic relevant characteristics of delivery of endocrinologic care based on data from General Insurance Company with covering cca 63% of all inhabitants.Methods: The combined analysis from the GIC data was used.Results: 246 195 patients, 212 977 women and ...

Hydrocortisone therapy needs to be individualised in congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) patients to avoid over and under replacement. Plasma cortisol concentration is determined by absorption and half-life of cortisol influence glucocorticoid exposure. Terminal plasma half-life is the time required to divide the plasma concentration by two and is important when absorption may vary.To ascertain a role for this measure we have studied 48 patients (21M) a...

Androstenedione and 17OHP are often used as measures of cortisol replacement in congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) rather than cortisol itself. Very little is known of the dose response relationships between cortisol and A4 and 17OHP.We have studied the relationship between 24 h serum cortisol, 17OHP and A4 in 33 (18M) children with CAH due to P450c21 deficiency. 24 h serum cortisol and 17OHP profiles were constructed using 20 min sampling intervals an...

Introduction: Insulin requirements change with age, in part related to changes in Growth Hormone secretion. Little is known of the impact of age on the circadian variation in insulin secretion. We have studied changes in insulin basal rates as a proxy for insulin sensitivity in CYP with well controlled T1DM.Methods: Insulin pump settings for total daily dose (TDD) and sensitivity ratio were obtained from 22 CYP with T1DM. Basal insulin requirements were ...

Regulation of gene expression mediated by thyroid hormones (THs) plays an essential role in variety of physiological processes. It is known that large group of natural and synthetic compounds, generally termed endocrine disruptors, can interfere with endocrine system and thus disrupt homeostasis of hormonal regulation processes in human organism. In order to screen for substances with potential disrupting effects on TH pathway, we developed and characterized human luciferase r...

Conventional hydrocortisone dosing does not mimic the normal cortisol circadian rhythm making treatment optimisation difficult in patients with adrenal insufficiency. We described the first use of a continuous variable subcutaneous hydrocortisone infusion (CSHI) via an insulin pump to replace cortisol in a patient with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) to mimic the normal plasma cortisol circadian rhythm. We report the long term experience of CSHI in seven patients with adr...

The aim of cortisol replacement in adrenal insufficiency is to mimic the normal cortisol circadian rhythm. Timing of the last dose varies. Paediatric practice doses as close to midnight or after as possible compared to no dose after 18.00 h in adults. Using a detailed questionnaire, we ascertained side effect prevalence in 226 patients with adrenal insufficiency (77 CAH, 82 Addison, 67 hypopituitarism) and compared frequency of problems with timing glucocorticoid replacement. ...

Children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes treated at University College Hospital London (UCLH) from an African background have poorer glycaemic control compared to the British population (British mean HbA1c 7.8 (0.1), African mean HbA1c 9.4 (0.5) P<0.001).Haemoglobin A1c is an element of the haemoglobin to which glucose is bound. The ideal range is between 6.5 and 7.5% and is considered to represent good glycaemic control. Patients who p...

The evidence base for starting early insulin treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes is rather scanty. In the UKPDS trial the intensive treatment of hyperglycaemia in newly detected patients with type 2 diabetes based on insulin or sulponylurea (no separation possible) revealed a significant reduction of myocardial infarction risk (15%, P=0.01), but only after prolonged post-study follow-up after 10 years1. In 2012 the ORIGIN study was published showing ...

Obesity and type II diabetes associated with obesity have reached epidemic proportions in both developed and underdeveloped countries. Epidemiological evidence has demonstrated that children born to obese women have a greater risk of developing obesity, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome than those born to lean women. Leptin, an adipose tissue hormone, inhibits the brain’s central drive to eat, enabling maintenance of normal body weight and composition. In the rode...